The Norway rat has many names. It is often referred to as the brown rat, common rat, sewer rat. Rats have coarse fur that is usually dark grey or brown on the backside and light grey or brown on the underside. Rats can grow up to 10 inches (25 cm) in body length. The tail is usually the same length as the body and can be pink or brown in color, but the tail always lacks fur. Adult males typically weigh about 1.25 lbs. (~19 oz.), and females weigh 0.75 lbs (~12 oz.). Very large individuals can reach 2 lbs.
The brown rat prefers to live almost anywhere humans are. Rats are foragers that can survive on a huge range of foods, which has helped them spread so successfully across the world. In urban areas, rats live largely on discarded human food, but may also become pests, eating food from cupboards or crops from fields. Away from urban areas, rats eat a variety of plants as well as whatever protein sources they can acquire. Rats have been known to catch fish and prey on lizards, chicks and other rodents. Brown rats are most active at dusk and during the night.
Norway rats can be carriers of diseases and parasites, posing potential health risks to humans and animals. They may transmit diseases such as leptospirosis and hantavirus. Additionally, their gnawing habits can lead to structural damage and electrical problems in buildings.
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