Mosquitoes are thin, long-legged, two-winged insects and are typically six to 12 millimetres in length. Both males and females have antennae and an elongated "beak" or proboscis three to four times longer than its head. These insects belong to the Diptera order, known as the true flies, in the family Culicidae. All true flies have two wings; however, mosquitoes are the only true flies to have scaled wings.
Mosquito habitat varies for each species and can include natural areas such as rain puddles and ponds, decomposing material such as wet leaf matter, ditches and marshes. While healthy wetlands are habitat for mosquitoes, they are also home to mosquito predators and can reduce flooding, which would cause further habitat for mosquitoes. Also, some species of mosquitoes can fly far from their breeding sites, making prevention difficult. However, certain mosquitoes are considered domestic species because they breed around the home in small, artificial containers such as bird baths and eaves troughs. Only female mosquitoes bite humans and other animals for blood to nourish their eggs. Male mosquitoes do not require blood. Many animals including stickleback fish, dragonflies, bats and several species of birds eat mosquitoes as part of their regular diet.
Public health - Damage -Anopheles : Species in the genus Anopheles are known as malarial mosquitoes because they are involved in the development and transmission of the protozoan parasites that cause human malaria. Culex: Species of Culex include a complex known as "house mosquitoes" and, more recently, "West Nile mosquitoes" because of their involvement in the transmission of West Nile Virus. Ades: Species of Aedes are known vectors for numerous viral infections, including dengue fever, yellow fever, the Zika virus and chikungunya.
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